Struts2学习笔记-part1: 快速起步

2008-03-14 16:53:00

　标签：笔记学习 Struts2　　　[推送到技术圈]

http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/simple-setup.html

Struts2学习笔记-part1: 快速起步

准备工作:

下载struts2: http://apache.mirror.phpchina.com/struts/binaries/struts-2.0.11.1-all.zip

准备Tomcat5.x

建立一个Java Web项目,提取最少运行Struts2应用的包集合(摘自Struts官方文档):

Install the Minimum Set of Libraries and Configuration Files

The following files are a minium requirement for your application.

Filename	Description
`struts2-core.jar`	Framework library itself, found in distribution root directory
`xwork.jar`	XWork 2 library on which Struts 2 is built (version 2.0 or later)
`ognl.jar`	Object Graph Navigation Language (OGNL), the expression language used throughout the framework
`freemarker.jar`	All UI tag templates are written in Freemarker (also a good option for your own views)
`commons-logging.jar`	Commons logging, which the framework uses to support transparently logging to either Log4J or JDK 1.4+
`web.xml`	Java web application configuration file that defines the filters (and other components) for your web application
`struts.xml`	Framework configuration file that defines the actions, results, and interceptors for your application

If any Struts 2 Plugins are included, then other JARs may be needed too. For example, the optional Spring Plugin requires the Spring JARs to be present.

目标:实现一个简单的用户登录.

下面是实现源码:

一、先实现登录页面

<%--
  登录页面
  User: leizhimin
  Date: 2008-3-14
  Time: 15:45:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>登录页面</title></head>

<body>
<form action="Login.action" method="post">
    <table align="center">
        <caption><h3>用户登录</h3></caption>
        <tr>
            <td>用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>密  码:<input type="text" name="password"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr align="center">
            <td align="center">
                <input type="submit" value="登录"/>
                <input type="reset" value="重填"/>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

二、实现处理页面的Action

package stu;

/**
* 处理用户请求的Action
* File: LoginAction.java
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-3-14 15:59:07
*/
public class LoginAction {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    /**
     * 处理用户请求的execute方法
     * 因为Struts2的拦截机制,他们负责解析用户的请求参数,并将请求参数赋给Action对应的属性
     *
     * @return 当用户名为aaa并且密码为123时,返回success,否则,返回error.
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        //当用户名为aaa并且密码为123时,返回success,否则,返回error.
        if (getUsername().equals("aaa") && getPassword().equals("123")) {
            return "success";
        } else {
            return "error";
        }
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
}

三、配置Web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>

<web-app version="2.4"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>
    
    <filter>
        
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
    </filter>
    
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/login.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

四、配置Action处理结果和资源资源之间的映射关系

注意：此文件打包后位于WEB-INF/classes/目录下面，或者放入classpath。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>

<web-app version="2.4"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>
    
    <filter>
        
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
    </filter>
    
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/login.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

五、增加登录成功和失败页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head><title>登录成功页面</title></head>
  <body>
           登录成功!
  </body>
</html>